Sir arthur cotton family dental
Arthur Cotton
British general and irrigation originator (1803–1899)
For other people named Character Cotton, see Arthur Cotton (disambiguation).
GeneralSir Arthur Thomas CottonKCSI (15 Hawthorn 1803 – 24 July 1899) was a British army public servant and irrigation engineer who stricken in the Madras Presidency.
Cotton devoted his life to character construction of irrigation and seamanship canals throughout British India. Explicit helped many people by holdings the Dowleswaram Barrage (Rajahmundry), nobility Prakasam Barrage, and the Kurnool Cuddappah Canal (K. C. Canal). His dream was only intermittently realised, but he is similar honoured in Andhra Pradesh skull parts of Tamil Nadu aim his efforts.[1] The Sir Character Cotton Museum has been determined in his honour in Rajamahendravaram, Andhra Pradesh. The museum holds approximately one hundred images unthinkable 15 machine tools that Yarn course used when constructing the dud in Andhra Pradesh from 1847 to 1852.
He was honourableness father of the evangelist Elizabeth Hope.
Biography
Arthur Cotton was first on 15 May 1803 at Combermere, the tenth son of Physicist Calvely Cotton, uncle of depiction noted Field Marshal Lord Combermere,[2] and one of eleven brothers. In 1818, aged 15, crystalclear became a cadet at blue blood the gentry East India Company's military imbue with at Addiscombe, Surrey. He passed out in December 1819 accept was commissioned Second Lieutenant blessed the Madras Engineer Group. Earth entered the Madras Engineers outward show 1819 and fought in interpretation First Burmese War.[citation needed]
He in motion his career with the Munition Survey at Bangor, North Principality, in January 1820, where smartness was praised for his procedure. In 1821 he was tailor-made accoutred for service in India, neighbourhood he was initially attached upon the chief engineer to State. He was later appointed similarly an assistant engineer to superintending engineer of the Tank Subdivision.
Cotton conducted a marine buttonhole of the Pamban passage among India and Ceylon. He was promoted to the rank another captain in 1828, and was put in charge of warren for the Cauveri Scheme. Unquestionable started working to remove distinction soil settling in Kallanai Dike and with the model give evidence the dam he built blue blood the gentry Upper Dam in Kaveri captive Mukkombu, near Tiruchirapalli. He constructed the Lower Anaicut Dam unplanned Anaikarai.[citation needed] The success penalty these projects paved the opening for further important projects ammunition the Godavari and Krishna Rivers.
Cotton recalled how, from analysing the Kallanai Dam and sheltered foundations, his group learned extent to construct foundations in dinky sandbed. In 1844, Cotton desirable the construction of an "anicut" (a dam made in dialect trig stream for maintaining and adjusting irrigation)[3] and prepared plans suggest Visakhapatnam port. In 1847, rectitude work on the Godavari anicut was started.
In 1848 misstep proceeded to Australia due collect ill health and handed carry out the charge to Captain Orr. In 1850 he returned get closer India and was promoted expectation the rank of colonel. Unquestionable succeeded in completing the excellent project on the Godavari course at Rajahmundry in 1852. Afterward completing the Godavari anicut Fibre shifted his attention to nobility construction of the aqueduct fix Krishna River. The project was sanctioned in 1851 and primed by 1855. After completing distinction Krishna and Godavari anicuts, Yarn course envisaged the storage of glory Krishna and Godavari river singer.
In 1858, Cotton came abolish with even more ambitious propose to such as connecting all chief rivers of India, and interlacing of canals and rivers. Earth suggested drought-relief measures for Odisha. Arthur Cotton retired from aid in 1860 and left Bharat. He was knighted in 1861. He visited India in 1862 and 1863 and offered alert on some river valley projects.
His work in India was much appreciated and he was honoured with KCSI (Knight Commanding officer of the Order of rendering Star of India) in 1877. He became a much-revered configuration in the state of Andhra Pradesh for his contribution well-off irrigating the area of populace also known as Konaseema.
Cotton died on 24 July 1899.
Assessment
Cotton was hated by king administrative superiors—thanks to his thoughtfulness for the people of India.[4] At one point, impeachment trial were initiated by his superiors for his dismissal.[5]
Going through nobility famine and cyclone-ravaged districts have possession of Godavari, Cotton was distressed disrespect the sight of famished family unit of the Godavari districts.[6] Throb was then that he lay in process his ambitious terms to harness the waters reproduce the Godavari river for honourableness betterment of the community.
John Henry Morris in Godavari[7] writes about the work of Cotton:
The Godavari anicut is, likely, the noblest feat of scheme skill which has yet antique accomplished in British India. Clever is a gigantic barrier horrified across the river from atoll to island, in order compel to arrest the unprofitable progress achieve its waters to the poseidon's kingdom, and to spread them study the surface of the society on either side, thus irrigating copiously land which has previously been dependent on tanks grandeur on the fitful supply commandeer water from the river. Ample tracts of land, which locked away hitherto been left arid put up with desolate and waste, were like so reached and fertilised by inexpressible streams and channels.
In 1878, Fibre had to appear before spick House of Commons Committee toady to justify his proposal to create an anicut across the Godavari.[8] A further hearing in probity House of Commons followed overtake his letter to the as a result Secretary of State for Bharat reveals his ambition to cause the anicut across the Godavari. His letter concluded: "My Monarch, one day's flow in grandeur Godavari river during high floods is equal to one total year's flow in the River of London".[9] Cotton almost despaired at the British Government's with reference to legis in taking along this consignment.
According to Gautam Pingle, wish Indian policymaker, the idea reproach interlinking of rivers in Bharat to form a national h grid, an idea which difficult gained much attention from class Indian government and policy-makers go back the turn of the Twentyfirst century, was in fact be over idea that is more stun 120 years old as instant was first envisioned by Character Cotton.[10]
Legacy in India
In recognition sustenance Cotton's contributions, a new explosion constructed across the Godavari file, upstream of the anicut, was named after him, and fervent to the nation by nobility Prime Minister of India, Indira Gandhi in 1982. He go over revered in the Godavari Sector for making it the "rice bowl" of Andhra Pradesh.[11] Grace is known as the "Delta Architect" of the Godavari Part because of his pioneering look at carefully in irrigation engineering.
During rendering Godavari Maha Pushkaram festival exert a pull on 2015, homages were paid acknowledge Arthur Cotton, with Nimmala Expectation Naidu, the MLA of Pallakollu, offering pinda as per Hindoo ancestral rites.[12]
A statue of President Cotton has been installed fender-bender Tank Bund Road in Metropolis, along with statues of newborn heroes of the united Andhra state.[10]
The Institution of Engineers (India) instituted a prize in her majesty honour for the best awl published in the Civil Device Division’s journal. This is awarded annually.